Using the laser-ablation facilities at Adelaide Microscopy, in-situ Pb isotopes can be analysed in a variety of minerals, including most oxides and sulphides. When integrated with petrology, Pb isotopes allow for the discrimination of fluid sources, source terranes, and multi-stage mineralisation events within a mineral system. 

Using the laser ablation facilities at Adelaide Microscopy, in-situ S isotopes can be analysed in a variety of sulphide minerals. The isotopic composition of S can be used to differentiate the source of sulphur, assess the extent of fluid–rock interaction, and derive information regarding the physicochemical evolution of ore-stage fluids.